流星蝴蝶剑

如今的NBA，比拼的不只是球星成色和数量、教练水平、球队财力，更是管理层对于薪资、选秀、交易和未来规划的综合运营能力。    Sputnik: How do you assess the results of the XIV BRICS Summit for Russia and India?,Denis Alipov: The XIV BRICS Summit held on 23 June this year was certainly another significant step in the development of the BRICS [Brazil, Russia, India, China and South Africa] grouping, which in essence reflects the formation of a new reality in international relations - the transition from a unipolar system to a polycentric world order.,The important thing is that, against the backdrop of geopolitical collisions, the five countries send a powerful message of common understanding of global processes - from reforming the multilateral system of economic governance to the situation in disarmament and non-proliferation, information security, counter-terrorism and other challenges. There was a clear consensus against arbitrary sanctions, which are the exclusive prerogative of the UN Security Council. We also shared a disapproval of the distorting effects of any discriminatory measures in international trade, which mainly affect developing countries.,Of course, our main target now is to build a smooth and reliable system of mutual settlements as an alternative to a compromised mechanism based on the dominance of the US dollar. We suggest developing a new international currency, to connect the banks of the BRICS countries to the Russian System for Transfer of Financial Messages, SPFS (a SWIFT analogue), to integrate national payment systems into a unified network for cross-border clearing settlements.,Clearly, no less importantly are steps to strengthen BRICS’ sectoral cooperation, which, according to the results of this year's work, continues to expand in the spheres of health, science and technology, space, etc. The New Development Bank, having a loan portfolio of $29Bln, stands out for its successful project activities.,The BRICS+ High-level Forum on Sustainable Development received a great response, which demonstrated the considerable interest developing countries have in cooperating with BRICS, and the positive global agenda that the grouping is building.,I believe that the BRICS, contrary to criticism, will have an increasing influence on world processes.,Sputnik: How does India and China's interaction within the BRICS framework unfold against the backdrop of the territorial dispute between the two countries in Ladakh? And how does this disagreement generally affect how the 'Five' interact and work with each other? Chinese Foreign Minister Wang Yi on Wednesday said that “common interests of India and China 'far outweigh' the differences” at a meeting with India’s ambassador to Beijing - is that really true?,Denis Alipov: Interaction within BRICS is mature and constructive. The active participation of India and China in all BRICS events this year clearly demonstrates this. The most important thing is that the member states use this platform not to antagonize each other but to promote mutually beneficial cooperation and synergy of interests.,The "Five" offer an extensive common agenda on these very foundations, that in one way or other will also contribute to overcoming bilateral disagreements.,Sputnik: Does BRICS plan to expand in the near future (according to media reports, China is in favor of this), and how do Russia and India view this?,Denis Alipov: The interest of like-minded countries in the "Five" is proof positive of how inclusive the association is, its openness to cooperation with all constructively minded partners, ready to seek answers to the challenges which are facing the international community at present.,Russian Foreign Minister Sergey Lavrov stressed that the discussion of BRICS expansion is justified and timely. The idea itself received principled support at the XIV BRICS Summit. Another thing to remember is that haste in this matter may be counterproductive. It is necessary to think in detail about the principles, standards and procedures of such a process, which should be developed through debate and by consensus. The main thing is that the accession of new members will help to increase the effectiveness and practical impact of the “Five's” activities.,Sputnik: How do you assess BRICS' role as a platform for building relations between the members of the association and enhancing relations between Russia and India in particular?,Denis Alipov: BRICS plays an important role in building relations between member countries. It has a great deal of institutional capacity and experience in practical cooperation. As I have already said, the “Five” share a common understanding of the need to build an equitable and fair polycentric model of the global system that corresponds with the political, economic and cultural diversity of today's world and meets the interests of all its states.,The decisions made at this platform undoubtedly also contribute to enhancing cooperation between India and Russia. It is sufficient to cite a few examples of the mechanisms that have been created: the New Development Bank, the Vaccine Research and Development Center, and the Joint Committee on Space Cooperation. Each of them provides a platform for experts to share experiences and find promising solutions in specific areas, and they can use this useful experience both at home and with regard to the interaction between our two countries.,BRICS May Defuse Frozen Border Issues Between India and China, Expert Says27 June, 10:14 GMT,Sputnik: India has recently come under pressure from the West because of its balanced stance on Russia's special military operation in Ukraine. Have the anti-Russian sanctions affected the cooperation between Moscow and New Delhi? And have you personally noticed any changes in the Indian position?,Denis Alipov: The partnership between Russia and India rests on a deep strategic foundation, drawing its strengths not only from strong historical roots, but also on a coinciding vision of the future world order. As you see, the external conjunction is incapable of affecting our relations in any meaningful way. We have regularly seen evidence of this in statements by the Indian leadership in recent months.,We are grateful to New Delhi for its objective assessment of the Ukrainian events. Clearly, they understand the background of the present geopolitical and geo-economic situation and the forced nature of Russia's actions in Ukraine. They see the destructive role of illegitimate restrictions in the genesis of the present global food and energy crisis, the responsibility for which the West seeks to place entirely on our country.,India does not support attempts to isolate Russia in multilateral forums and is critical of the West's wish to reduce the international agenda to the conflict in question, ignoring other key global and regional problems, which the West itself has exacerbated significantly. The pressure exerted by the West, aggressively imposing its conditions about who one can and cannot be friends with, causes the rejection of such diktat.,At the same time, we must be realistic about what is happening: India is interested in developing cooperation with the rest of the world, including the United States and Europe. National interests and the need to preserve strategic autonomy guide the Indians in their actions, rejecting the very idea of dividing lines and the paradigm of bloc confrontation.,As for the sanctions as such, they certainly throw up challenges, which will require a certain time to adapt and, I am sure, will be overcome in time. The main thing is that our cooperation actively continues because it is based on common interests and an understanding of each other's special place in mutual strategic arrangements.,Sputnik: In December 2021, Russia and India outlined many new goals for cooperation, including doubling mutual trade and investment. How realistic do these goals now seem?,Denis Alipov: First and foremost, it should be noted that the goals outlined in December 2021 at the annual bilateral summit in New Delhi are fully consistent with the enormous potential of our relations. The India-Russia partnership operates on all sorts of levels. We are expanding cooperation in communications, diamond processing, forestry, healthcare and pharmaceuticals, tourism, railroads, metallurgy, civil aviation, shipbuilding and oil refining. Our military and military-technical cooperation is being strengthened. We are progressively implementing the plans adopted at the 2019 Vladivostok Summit to work together in the Far Eastern and Arctic regions, and we are building up cooperation in the trade, economic, investment, banking and financial sectors.,The dynamics of bilateral trade speak for itself. According to India's statistics, from January to April 2022, it amounted to $6.4Bln. This is almost twice as much as for the same period last year. If we maintain these volumes throughout the year, we will have a turnover of more than $19Bln by the end of 2022. To put this in context, let me remind you that in the previous year we had an absolute record of $13.6Bln.,I expect that despite the West's sanctions against Russia, the positive dynamics of trade will continue. Unfortunately, in the first months after the launch of the special military operation in Ukraine there were certain difficulties with supplying Russian goods to India and vice versa. However, today we have successfully overcome most of these barriers. We are confident that Indian exports to Russia (including science-intensive ones) will gain momentum in the near future.,We see good prospects for Indian pharmaceutical products, leather and textiles, agricultural goods, components for machinery and equipment, telecommunications equipment, organic chemistry products. We expect growth in mutual turnover of services in such sectors as tourism, finance and insurance, telecommunications and information technology, transport and construction. We have great hopes for the implementation of the International North–South Transport Corridor (INSTC) project.,The withdrawal of many western companies from the Russian market opens up many new opportunities for Indian businesses. The Russian business community is very serious about strengthening ties with India. Russia invites Indian companies in the aviation and metallurgical industries, in the wood-processing chain, and firms producing consumer goods for business cooperation.,Our main task today is to adjust our trade and economic relations to the new realities, to synchronize the payment systems of the two countries, giving priority to the increased use of national currencies.,Sputnik: US media giants, despite the diversity of the Indian media sphere, have been successful in infiltrating it. How far do you think has US propaganda penetrated local media? How do you view your interaction with the Indian media against this backdrop?,Denis Alipov: Indeed, western media has taken a very strong hold around the world and in India as well. These circumstances – and many local analysts point this out – limit the ability of national media outlets to offer their audiences an independent view of global processes. Much of the content published here is reprints from Reuters, the Associated Press, and AFP, all of which openly promote the interests of the so-called collective West, not shying away from fostering Russophobic sentiments and trafficking fake news.,India Discussing Rupee-Ruble Payment Mechanism With Russia24 June, 13:35 GMT,This is especially evident in the Indian media's coverage of events around Ukraine. Local newspapers sometimes publish absolute nonsense, exposing a basic ignorance of the region and history. There is no shortage of blatantly ordered articles aimed at denigrating the activities of Russian companies in India. This is nothing but an attempt at unfair competition.,Obviously, we respond appropriately. We publish our own material and rebuttals. We work with the press corps and explain all the nuances of the events from a historical and geopolitical point of view. We make active use of internet resources in this area.,It is noteworthy that local authorities have also intervened in the situation. In April this year, India's Ministry of Information and Broadcasting issued recommendations to satellite TV channels, indicating the unacceptability of spreading inaccurate and misleading information, including in the context of covering Russia's special military operation in Ukraine.,We know that the vast majority of our Indian friends, including in the journalistic community, do not share the one-sided view of the situation imposed on them. They prefer to trust facts, which, incidentally, are in the public domain - every day relevant materials are posted on the Russian Ministry of Foreign Affairs and the Ministry of Defense's websites. They can also be found on the embassy's website and its social media accounts.,Some Indian journalists visited the Donetsk and Lugansk People's Republics, wanting to see with their own eyes what was really going on. Their reports and interviews are now available to the public. I would like to take this opportunity to express my gratitude for their work.,Furthermore, I would like to thank our audience on social media. Thanks to their comments and support, we can see that attempts to tarnish Russia are doomed to failure.,Sputnik: You are an expert on India and speak Hindi. Please tell us, what made you fall in love with this country?,Denis Alipov: India for me is a life-long journey. I have spent more than 27 years here, studied its history in college, and been directly involved with the development of relations with it throughout my tenure.,As it did for my mentor and predecessor, the late Ambassador Alexander Kadakin [Russia's ambassador to India from 2009 to 2017], India became for me a 'Karmabhoomi' - a land of action.,India is an incredible country, an ancient civilization that combines centuries-old traditions and modern trends, the diversity of cultures, languages and beliefs. It is the brightest embodiment of the formula of unity in diversity. Rapid economic, scientific and technological development, the large young active population, the impressive growth of authority in the global arena have ensured its strong place among the world powers that will determine the future of our planet.。文|KK又逢世界杯年，勒布朗·詹姆斯决定将天赋带到费城76人。詹姆斯、恩比德、杰伦·布朗、马克西、埃奇库姆的组合，令无数球迷更加憧憬詹姆斯的第24个赛季。

B | 在备受关注的“决定5”之外，还有另一个让人震惊的事实是，詹姆斯与76人签署的，仅仅是一份为期两年、年均薪400万美元的老将底薪合同。为了争夺第五个冠军，詹姆斯甘愿降薪4875万美元，降幅超过92%，创下NBA历史最大降薪纪录。图源：费城76人社媒按上赛季常规赛21+6+7、季后赛23+7+7的数据来看，400万的詹姆斯无异于白菜价。但76人也并非不想给詹姆斯更高的薪水，而是给不起。不仅是76人，骑士和热火两个詹姆斯的热门下家，也都因为薪资空间受限，无法为詹姆斯提供超过千万的年薪。自2023年NBA联盟落地史上最严薪资协议后，NBA球队的运营逻辑发生了不小的变化：球队的运营操作容错率在降低，现在不仅要比谁更会花钱，更要比谁更会省钱。

C | 无论是组建多巨头的超级球队还是通过连续摆烂以囤积高顺位新秀，亦或是培养自家的超级巨星，这些主流的建队模式，现在似乎都无法走得长远。过去8年，8支不同的球队拿下了NBA总冠军，在这背后是多种截然不同的球队运营模式。如今的NBA，比拼的不只是球星成色和数量、教练水平、球队财力，更是管理层对于薪资、选秀、交易和未来规划的综合运营能力。联盟正在进入一个真正意义上的“球队运营时代”。

D | 梭哈巨星过去20年，NBA联盟最风靡的建队模式，无疑就是组建多巨头的超级战舰。从绿军三巨头到热火三巨头，再到勇士四巨头、篮网三巨头……“ALL IN”模式一次次证明，只要你聚集了多位超级球星，便能成为夺冠的热门，并吸引前所未有的关注。巨星带来巨大的利益，但也需要球队付出巨大的代价，最直观的就是需要缴纳巨额奢侈税。此外还有部分球队，付出了大量年轻球员或选秀权，透支未来只为换来能够改变比赛、冲击冠军的超级球星。勇士四巨头图源：NBA但2023年最严劳资协议落地后，这种模式正在逐渐失去竞争力。最主要的原因，即是这版劳资协议引入了被誉为“王朝终结者”的第二土豪线。在过去，即使球队需要缴纳高额奢侈税，也依旧还可以利用中产特例签人或者从买断市场补充即战力。

E | 但如今一旦跨越第二土豪线，这些操作权限都将受到极大限制：不可以使用中产特例签约球员，也不可以签约被买断后流入自由市场的球员。

F | 此外，其未来第七年的首轮选秀权还将被冻结，不可交易。如果连续三年中有两年超过第二土豪线，这个首轮选秀权将自动降至首轮末。2026-27赛季NBA薪资标准图源：网络在诸多的限制下，继续“靠砸钱解决问题”已经越来越难。因此，人们开始看到越来越多的“多巨头球队”或强队被迫拆队，例如双探花坐镇的凯尔特人，约基奇、穆雷领衔的掘金，杜兰特、布克、比尔带领的太阳。乃至吃到巨大新秀红利的雷霆，在夺冠一年后也不得不通过送走球员来缓解薪资压力。许多球队的遭遇都表明，打造超级球队，最重要的不是得到超级巨星，而是在得到超级巨星之后，还有能力围绕他们打造一支完整、均衡且具有持续竞争力的球队。冠军不是仅靠五个人就能赢下的。一个能拉开空间的射手、一位可靠的护框中锋、一位靠谱的外线防守尖兵……这些都是巨星之外的重要争冠拼图。但当球队的大部分薪资已经用来梭哈巨星，球队也就很难再有充足的空间去签下优质的“拼图型球员”。曾经风靡联盟的“ALL IN巨星”模式，已然从一条冠军捷径，变成一场风险越来越高的豪赌。“自研”巨星既然通过外部交易与自由市场 “梭哈”巨星的道路越走越窄，许多球队便将目光转向了内部，试图通过选秀和精心培育来打造属于球队自己的超级巨星。放眼当今联盟，这种建队模式不乏成功的先例与范本。过去几年，东契奇、爱德华兹、坎宁安、文班亚马等年轻球员，都在进入联盟后便迅速成长为球队核心乃至明星球员、联盟门面。文班亚马更是在进入联盟的第三年，就带领马刺杀进总决赛。这些球员不仅直接改变了球队战绩，更带来了巨大商业价值。对于中小市场球队而言，这种价值甚至远远超过竞技层面。

G | 图源：圣安东尼奥马刺社媒纽约、洛杉矶拥有天然的市场吸引力，而俄克拉荷马城、明尼阿波利斯、底特律等城市，则更需要属于自己的超级球星。

H | 一位本土培养出来的球星，可以成为整座城市的体育名片，带动门票销售、赞助合作、周边商品以及媒体关注，让球队拥有稳定且持续增长的商业价值。更重要的是，新秀合同还意味着巨大的“薪资红利”。按照联盟现行制度，一名高顺位新秀将在进入联盟后的数年里执行固定工资合同。

I | 如果他能够迅速成长为全明星甚至联盟门面，那么球队就能够用远低于市场价值的薪资，获得顶级球员的竞技贡献。而这几年，也正是一支球队补强阵容、冲击冠军的最佳窗口期。然而，新秀合同终究只是“红利”，并不是终点。当这些超新星的新秀合同到期，迎接他们的大概率是顶薪续约。而一份动辄数亿美元的合同，对球队薪资结构的影响是巨大的。文班亚马5年顶薪续约马刺图源：圣安东尼奥马刺社媒与此同时，超级球星对于球队竞争力的要求也会越来越高。球队必须以其为核心配置更好的阵容，以满足其争冠需求，最终走上“超级球队”的建队模式。也就是说，自己培养超级巨星，并没有彻底解决球队运营难题，只是为球队争取了几年更加宽松的发展时间。但对于小球市的球队来说，已经弥足珍贵。就算最后不得不放走亲自培养的巨星，获得的回报也已足够。

J | 摆烂经济学对于没有培养出自己的巨星又不愿砸钱的球队来说，就只能“相信过程”了：通过连续摆烂囤积高顺位新秀。如果球队的选秀眼光足够毒辣，那么多位高水平新秀及其新秀红利，将成为球队冲击总冠军的重要基础。

K | 例如向来选秀眼光到位的雷霆，近年来就通过此前在保罗·乔治交易中得到的多枚高顺位签，选中杰威、霍姆格伦等多位高水平新秀。利用新秀红利下的巨额薪资空间，雷霆交易来卡鲁索、哈腾等重要拼图。

L | 最终，在亚历山大的带领下，这群青年军杀出重围，捧起了奥布莱恩杯。图源：俄克拉荷马雷霆社媒但并非所有新秀都是高水平，也不是所有球队都有雷霆这般的选秀眼光。早年身为黄蜂队老板的迈克尔·乔丹，就因为选秀眼光太低，间接导致了球队陷入“摆烂-选秀-新秀水平不足-摆烂”的恶性循环。

M | 此外，摆烂模式在以前行得通有一个重要前提——高顺位签的确定性。在旧规则下，战绩最差的球队有25%的概率获得状元签，前三顺位的概率接近64%，摆烂的回报可谓相当稳定且可观。

N | 但近年来，NBA联盟正在不断收紧反摆烂政策。

o | 2026年出台的反摆烂新规更是被称为“史上最严”：战绩倒数前三的球队获得状元签的概率统一降至仅5.4%（低于中游乐透队）。并且新规还明确同一支球队不能连续两年获得状元签、不能连续三年进入选秀前五顺位。同时，联盟还有权对“非竞争性阵容”即恶意摆烂进行罚款，最高可达千万美元级别，严重者甚至可能被没收未来选秀权。这一系列的组合拳，将于2027年正式落地。

p | 届时，刻意输球、连续摆烂的性价比将被彻底摧毁。2025-26赛季 爵士、步行者因摆烂被NBA罚款图源：温网社媒未来，一支球队如果要通过摆烂来重建，不仅需要高顺位的选秀权，更需要有优秀的球探、独到的选秀眼光、科学的培养体系、成熟的发展规划以及合理的薪资管理。摆烂，将成为一门愈加高深的学问。综上所述，NBA正在变成一场关于资源配置的竞赛。球队总经理的重要性，已经丝毫不亚于场上的球星和场边的主帅。如果说选秀决定未来、巨星决定上限，那么球队总经理就是决定球队能否正常运转、往更好的方向发展的人。一次续约、交易或选秀，就可能会葬送球队的努力甚至未来。

q | 优秀的总经理，可以利用合同结构、薪资规划、选秀眼光和交易策略，在有限的资源条件下持续打造具有竞争力的阵容。

r | 在大合同满天飞的时代，在天赋与野心、金钱与规则的博弈中，从选秀、交易到薪资管理，联盟的运行逻辑正在发生变化。而这些变化，将在未来持续影响NBA的竞争格局。

s |